When using a microcontroller as the hub of a project, developers often face the problem that more than one task needs to be performed at a time: Scanning sensor values, controlling actuators, visualizing device states and/or waiting for a human user to enter. Fortunately, this problem can be solved in a very elegant way with task programming based on lightweight embedded operating systems. FreeRTOS is an open source and widely used operating system, available for many microcontroller platforms. The very popular tandem ESP32 and Arduino IDE makes it especially easy to use FreeRTOS for task programming, as it is already integrated into the core libraries. In fact, you may have always used FreeRTOS without knowing it!